Folder

Folder objects are created with the Folder command. They contain references to folders that may or may not actually exist on disk. For example, when you execute the Folder command to create a new folder, a valid Folder object is created but nothing is actually stored on disk until you call the folder.create() function.

Example

The following example creates a "JohnSmith" folder:

Form.curfolder:=Folder(fk database folder)
Form.curfolder:=Folder("C:\\Users\\JohnSmith\\";fk platform path)

Pathnames

Folder objects support several pathnames, including filesystems or posix syntax. Supported pathnames are detailed in the Pathnames page.

Folder object

.copyTo( destinationFolder : 4D.Folder { ; newName : Text } { ; overwrite : Integer } ) : 4D.Folder    copies the Folder object into the specified destinationFolder
.create() : Boolean    creates a folder on disk according to the properties of the Folder object
.createAlias( destinationFolder : 4D.Folder ; aliasName : Text { ; aliasType : Integer } ) : 4D.File    creates an alias (macOS) or a shortcut (Windows)
.creationDate : Date    the creation date of the folder
.creationTime : Time    the creation time of the folder
.delete( { option : Integer } )    deletes the folder
.exists : Boolean    true if the folder exists on disk
.extension : Text    returns the extension of the folder name (if any)
.file( path : Text ) : 4D.File    a File object inside the Folder object and returns its reference
.files( { options : Integer } ) : Collection    a collection of File objects contained in the folder
.folder( path : Text ) : 4D.Folder    creates a Folder object inside the parent Folder object and returns its reference
.folders( { options : Integer } ) : Collection    returns a collection of Folder objects contained in the parent folder
.fullName : Text    returns the full name of the folder, including its extension (if any)
.getIcon( { size : Integer } ) : Picture    returns the icon of the folder
.hidden : Boolean     true if the folder is set as "hidden" at the system level
.isAlias : Boolean    always false for a Folder object
.isFile : Boolean    always false for a folder
.isFolder : Boolean    always true for a folder
.isPackage : Boolean    true if the folder is a package on macOS (and exists on disk)
.modificationDate : Date     the date of the folder's last modification
.modificationTime : Time    the time of the folder's last modification
.name : Text     the name of the folder, without extension (if any)
.original : 4D.Folder    the same Folder object as the folder
.parent : 4D.Folder    the parent folder object of the folder
.path : Text    the POSIX path of the folder
.platformPath : Text    the path of the folder expressed with the current platform syntax
.moveTo( destinationFolder : 4D.Folder { ; newName : Text } ) : 4D.Folder    moves or renames the Folder object (source folder) into the specified destinationFolder
.rename( newName : Text ) : 4D.Folder    renames the folder with the name you passed in newName and returns the renamed Folder object

Folder

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Release	Changes
17 R5	Added

Folder ( path : Text { ; pathType : Integer }{ ; * } ) : 4D.Folder
Folder ( folderConstant : Integer { ; * } ) : 4D.Folder

Parameter	Type		Description
path	Text	->	Folder path
folderConstant	Integer	->	4D folder constant
pathType	Integer	->	fk posix path (default) or fk platform path
*		->	* to return folder of host database
Result	4D.Folder	<-	New folder object

Description

The Folder command creates and returns a new object of the 4D.Folder type. The command accepts two syntaxes:

Folder ( path { ; pathType } { ; * } )

In the path parameter, pass a folder path string. You can use a custom string or a filesystem (e.g., "/DATA").

Only absolute pathnames are supported with the Folder command.

By default, 4D expects a path expressed with the POSIX syntax. If you work with platform pathnames (Windows or macOS), you must declare it using the pathType parameter. The following constants are available:

Constant	Value	Comment
fk platform path	1	Path expressed with a platform-specific syntax (mandatory in case of platform pathname)
fk posix path	0	Path expressed with POSIX syntax (default)

Folder ( folderConstant { ; * } )

In the folderConstant parameter, pass a 4D built-in or system folder, using one of the following constants:

Constant	Value	Comment
fk applications folder	116
fk data folder	9	Associated filesystem: "/DATA"
fk database folder	4	Associated filesystem: "/PACKAGE"
fk desktop folder	115
fk documents folder	117	Document folder of the user
fk licenses folder	1	Folder containing the machine's 4D license files
fk logs folder	7	Associated filesystem: "/LOGS"
fk mobileApps folder	10
fk remote database folder	3	4D database folder created on each 4D remote machine
fk resources folder	6	Associated filesystem: "/RESOURCES"
fk system folder	100
fk user preferences folder	0	4D folder that stores user preference files within the \<userName> directory.
fk web root folder	8	Current Web root folder of the database: if within the package "/PACKAGE/path", otherwise full path

If the command is called from a component, pass the optional parameter to get the path of the host database. Otherwise, if you omit the parameter, a null object is always returned.

On Windows, in merged clients, the location of built-in folders is modified if the ShareLocalResourcesOnWindowsClient BuildApp key is used.

4D.Folder.new()

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18 R6	Added

4D.Folder.new ( path : Text { ; pathType : Integer } ) : 4D.Folder
4D.Folder.new ( folderConstant : Integer ) : 4D.Folder

Description

The 4D.Folder.new() function creates and returns a new object of the 4D.Folder type. It is identical to the Folder command (shortcut).

It is recommended to use the Folder shortcut command instead of 4D.Folder.new().

.copyTo()

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17 R5	Added

.copyTo( destinationFolder : 4D.Folder { ; newName : Text } { ; overwrite : Integer } ) : 4D.Folder

Parameter	Type		Description
destinationFolder	4D.Folder	->	Destination folder
newName	Text	->	Name for the copy
overwrite	Integer	->	fk overwrite to replace existing elements
Result	4D.Folder	<-	Copied file or folder

Description

The .copyTo() function copies the Folder object into the specified destinationFolder.

The destinationFolder must exist on disk, otherwise an error is generated.

By default, the folder is copied with the name of the original folder. If you want to rename the copy, pass the new name in the newName parameter. The new name must comply with naming rules (e.g., it must not contain characters such as ":", "/", etc.), otherwise an error is returned.

If a folder with the same name already exists in the destinationFolder, by default 4D generates an error. You can pass the fk overwrite constant in the overwrite parameter to ignore and overwrite the existing file

Constant	Value	Comment
fk overwrite	4	Overwrite existing elements, if any

Returned value

The copied Folder object.

Example

You want to copy a Pictures folder from the user's Document folder to the Database folder:

var $userImages; $copiedImages : 4D.Folder
$userImages:=Folder(fk documents folder).folder("Pictures")
$copiedImages:=$userImages.copyTo(Folder(fk database folder);fk overwrite)

.create()

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17 R5	Added

.create() : Boolean

Parameter	Type		Description
Result	Boolean	<-	True if the folder was created successfully, false otherwise

Description

The .create() function creates a folder on disk according to the properties of the Folder object.

If necessary, the function creates the folder hierachy as described in the platformPath or path properties. If the folder already exists on disk, the function does nothing (no error is thrown) and returns false.

Returned value

• True if the folder is created successfully;
• False if a folder with the same name already exists or if an error occured.

Example 1

Create an empty folder in the database folder:

var $created : Boolean
$created:=Folder("/PACKAGE/SpecialPrefs").create()

Example 2

Creation of the "/Archives2019/January/" folder in the database folder:

$newFolder:=Folder("/PACKAGE/Archives2019/January")
If($newFolder.create())
 ALERT("The "+$newFolder.name+" folder was created.")
Else
 ALERT("Impossible to create a "+$newFolder.name+" folder.")
End if

.createAlias()

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Release	Changes
17 R5	Added

.createAlias( destinationFolder : 4D.Folder ; aliasName : Text { ; aliasType : Integer } ) : 4D.File

Parameter	Type		Description
destinationFolder	4D.Folder	->	Destination folder for the alias or shortcut
aliasName	Text	->	Name of the alias or shortcut
aliasType	Integer	->	Type of the alias link
Result	4D.File	<-	Alias or shortcut reference

Description

The .createAlias() function creates an alias (macOS) or a shortcut (Windows) to the folder with the specified aliasName name in the folder designated by the destinationFolder object.

Pass the name of the alias or shortcut to create in the aliasName parameter.

By default on macOS, the function creates a standard alias. You can also create a symbolic link by using the aliasType parameter. The following constants are available:

Constant	Value	Comment
fk alias link	0	Alias link (default)
fk symbolic link	1	Symbolic link (macOS only)

On Windows, a shortcut (.lnk file) is always created (the aliasType parameter is ignored).

Returned object

A 4D.File object with the isAlias property set to true.

Example

You want to create an alias to an archive folder in your database folder:

$myFolder:=Folder("C:\\Documents\\Archives\\2019\\January";fk platform path)
$aliasFile:=$myFolder.createAlias(Folder("/PACKAGE");"Jan2019")

.creationDate

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17 R5	Added

.creationDate : Date

Description

The .creationDate property returns the creation date of the folder.

This property is read-only.

.creationTime

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17 R5	Added

.creationTime : Time

Description

The .creationTime property returns the creation time of the folder (expressed as a number of seconds beginning at 00:00).

This property is read-only.

.delete()

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Release	Changes
17 R5	Added

.delete( { option : Integer } )

Parameter	Type		Description
option	Integer	->	Folder deletion option

Description

The .delete() function deletes the folder.

By default, for security reasons, if you omit the option parameter, .delete( ) only allows empty folders to be deleted. If you want the command to be able to delete folders that are not empty, you must use the option parameter with one of the following constants:

Constant	Value	Comment
Delete only if empty	0	Deletes folder only when it is empty
Delete with contents	1	Deletes folder along with everything it contains

When Delete only if empty is passed or if you omit the option parameter:

• The folder is only deleted if it is empty; otherwise, the command does nothing and an error -47 is generated.
• If the folder does not exist, the error -120 is generated.

When Delete with contents is passed:

• The folder, along with all of its contents, is deleted. Warning: Even when this folder and/or its contents are locked or set to read-only, if the current user has suitable access rights, the folder (and contents) is still deleted.
• If this folder, or any of the files it contains, cannot be deleted, deletion is aborted as soon as the first inaccessible element is detected, and an error(*) is returned. In this case, the folder may be only partially deleted. When deletion is aborted, you can use the GET LAST ERROR STACK command to retrieve the name and path of the offending file.
• If the folder does not exist, the command does nothing and no error is returned. (*) Windows: -54 (Attempt to open locked file for writing) macOS: -45 (The file is locked or the pathname is not correct)

.exists

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17 R5	Added

.exists : Boolean

Description

The .exists property returns true if the folder exists on disk, and false otherwise.

This property is read-only.

.extension

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17 R5	Added

.extension : Text

Description

The .extension property returns the extension of the folder name (if any). An extension always starts with ".". The property returns an empty string if the folder name does not have an extension.

This property is read-only.

.file()

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17 R5	Added

.file( path : Text ) : 4D.File

Parameter	Type		Description
path	Text	->	Relative POSIX file pathname
Result	4D.File	<-	File object (null if invalid path)

Description

The .file() function creates a File object inside the Folder object and returns its reference.

In path, pass a relative POSIX path to designate the file to return. The path will be evaluated from the parent folder as root.

Returned value

A File object or null if path is invalid.

Example

var $myPDF : 4D.File
$myPDF:=Folder(fk documents folder).file("Pictures/info.pdf")

.files()

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Release	Changes
17 R5	Added

.files( { options : Integer } ) : Collection

Parameter	Type		Description
options	Integer	->	File list options
Result	Collection	<-	Collection of children file objects

Description

The .files() function returns a collection of File objects contained in the folder.

Aliases or symbolic links are not resolved.

By default, if you omit the options parameter, only the files at the first level of the folder are returned in the collection, as well as invisible files or folders. You can modify this by passing, in the options parameter, one or more of the following constants:

Constant	Value	Comment
fk recursive	1	The collection contains files of the specified folder and its subfolders
fk ignore invisible	8	Invisible files are not listed

Returned value

Collection of File objects.

Example 1

You want to know if there are invisible files in the Database folder:

 var $all; $noInvisible : Collection
 $all:=Folder(fk database folder).files()
 $noInvisible:=Folder(fk database folder).files(fk ignore invisible)
 If($all.length#$noInvisible.length)
    ALERT("Database folder contains hidden files.")
 End if

Example 2

You want to get all files that are not invisible in the Documents folder:

 var $recursive : Collection
 $recursive:=Folder(fk documents folder).files(fk recursive+fk ignore invisible)

.folder()

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17 R5	Added

.folder( path : Text ) : 4D.Folder

Parameter	Type		Description
path	Text	->	Relative POSIX file pathname
Result	4D.Folder	<-	Created folder object (null if invalid path)

Description

The .folder() function creates a Folder object inside the parent Folder object and returns its reference.

In path, pass a relative POSIX path to designate the folder to return. The path will be evaluated from the parent folder as root.

Returned value

A Folder object or null if path is invalid.

Example

 var $mypicts : 4D.Folder
 $mypicts:=Folder(fk documents folder).folder("Pictures")

.folders()

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17 R5	Added

.folders( { options : Integer } ) : Collection

Parameter	Type		Description
options	Integer	->	Folder list options
Result	Collection	<-	Collection of children folder objects

Description

The .folders() function returns a collection of Folder objects contained in the parent folder.

By default, if you omit the options parameter, only the folders at the first level of the folder are returned in the collection. You can modify this by passing, in the options parameter, one or more of the following constants:

Constant	Value	Comment
fk recursive	1	The collection contains folders of the specified folder and its subfolders
fk ignore invisible	8	Invisible folders are not listed

Returned value

Collection of Folder objects.

Example

You want the collection of all folders and subfolders of the database folder:

 var $allFolders : Collection
 $allFolders:=Folder("/PACKAGE").folders(fk recursive)

.fullName

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17 R5	Added

.fullName : Text

Description

The .fullName property returns the full name of the folder, including its extension (if any).

This property is read-only.

.getIcon()

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17 R5	Added

.getIcon( { size : Integer } ) : Picture

Parameter	Type		Description
size	Integer	->	Side length for the returned picture (pixels)
Result	Picture	<-	Icon

Description

The .getIcon() function returns the icon of the folder.

The optional size parameter specifies the dimensions in pixels of the returned icon. This value actually represents the length of the side of the square containing the icon. Icons are usually defined in 32x32 pixels ("large icons") or 16x16 pixels ("small icons"). If you pass 0 or omit this parameter, the "large icon" version is returned.

If the folder does not exist on disk, a default blank icon is returned.

Returned value

Folder icon picture.

.hidden

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17 R5	Added

.hidden : Boolean

Description

The .hidden property returns true if the folder is set as "hidden" at the system level, and false otherwise.

This property is read-only.

.isAlias

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17 R5	Added

.isAlias : Boolean

Description

The .isAlias property returns always false for a Folder object.

This property is read-only.

.isFile

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17 R5	Added

.isFile : Boolean

Description

The .isFile property returns always false for a folder.

This property is read-only.

.isFolder

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17 R5	Added

.isFolder : Boolean

Description

The .isFolder property returns always true for a folder.

This property is read-only.

.isPackage

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17 R5	Added

.isPackage : Boolean

Description

The .isPackage property returns true if the folder is a package on macOS (and exists on disk). Otherwise, it returns false.

On Windows, .isPackage always returns false.

This property is read-only.

.modificationDate

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17 R5	Added

.modificationDate : Date

Description

The .modificationDate property returns the date of the folder's last modification.

This property is read-only.

.modificationTime

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17 R5	Added

.modificationTime : Time

Description

The .modificationTime property returns the time of the folder's last modification (expressed as a number of seconds beginning at 00:00).

This property is read-only.

.moveTo()

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Release	Changes
17 R5	Added

.moveTo( destinationFolder : 4D.Folder { ; newName : Text } ) : 4D.Folder

Parameter	Type		Description
destinationFolder	4D.Folder	->	Destination folder
newName	Text	->	Full name for the moved folder
Result	4D.Folder	<-	Moved folder

Description

The .moveTo( ) function moves or renames the Folder object (source folder) into the specified destinationFolder.

The destinationFolder must exist on disk, otherwise an error is generated.

By default, the folder retains its name when moved. If you want to rename the moved folder, pass the new full name in the newName parameter. The new name must comply with naming rules (e.g., it must not contain characters such as ":", "/", etc.), otherwise an error is returned.

Returned object

The moved Folder object.

Example

You want to move and rename a folder:

 var $tomove; $moved : Object
 $docs:=Folder(fk documents folder)
 $tomove:=$docs.folder("Pictures")
 $tomove2:=$tomove.moveTo($docs.folder("Archives");"Pic_Archives")

.name

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17 R5	Added

.name : Text

Description

The .name property returns the name of the folder, without extension (if any).

This property is read-only.

.original

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17 R5	Added

.original : 4D.Folder

Description

The .original property returns the same Folder object as the folder.

This property is read-only.

This property is available on folders to allow generic code to process folders or files.

.parent

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17 R5	Added

.parent : 4D.Folder

Description

The .parent property returns the parent folder object of the folder. If the path represents a system path (e.g., "/DATA/"), the system path is returned.

If the folder does not have a parent (root), the null value is returned.

This property is read-only.

.path

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17 R5	Added

.path : Text

Description

The .path property returns the POSIX path of the folder. If the path represents a filesystem (e.g., "/DATA/"), the filesystem is returned.

This property is read-only.

.platformPath

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17 R5	Added

.platformPath : Text

Description

The .platformPath property returns the path of the folder expressed with the current platform syntax.

This property is read-only.

.rename()

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17 R5	Added

.rename( newName : Text ) : 4D.Folder

Parameter	Type		Description
newName	Text	->	New full name for the folder
Result	4D.Folder	<-	Renamed folder

Description

The .rename() function renames the folder with the name you passed in newName and returns the renamed Folder object.

The newName parameter must comply with naming rules (e.g., it must not contain characters such as ":", "/", etc.), otherwise an error is returned. If a file with the same name already exists, an error is returned.

Returned object

The renamed Folder object.

Example

 var $toRename : 4D.Folder
 $toRename:=Folder("/RESOURCES/Pictures").rename("Images")